Context help
SIM card
A chip card containing identification information - operator network, phone number, activated services, billing, credit, etc. In order for mobile phones to log in to a network, they require the insertion of a SIM card. The SIM card is protected against misuse by a PIN security code. SIM cards have their own (very small) memory, which can be used to save phone numbers or received SMS messages.
A
- ADSL 2+ (Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line)
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ADSL 2+ (Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line)
A more advanced and modern type of ADSL technology, which, among other things, makes it possible to accelerate the Internet - in an ideal case connection speeds can increase to up to 24 Mb/s. A speed of 6-16 Mb/s represents the optimum achievable speed for the majority of households.
- Asymetric transmission
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Asymetric transmission
Data transmission with a different sending and receiving (upload and download, respectively) speeds.
B
- Base station
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Base station
A base radio station (labelled as BTS) provides a radio connection with a mobile phone. It usually contains several directional transmitters - transceivers (TRX), that cover a specified area with a radio signal.
- Blackberry
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Blackberry
Technology enabling easy access to email messages, calendar, and data. Special mobile devices are used for this system.
- Blocking a phone
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Blocking a phone
To increase security usage of employee phones can be limited at an employer's request, and according to the employer's specifications, by means of a special security code, which can be set directly in a phone (unlike the PIN and PUK codes, which are saved on a SIM card). To find out more about setting up and using this security code, consult the user manual for the phone(s) you wish to block.
- Blocking a SIM card
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Blocking a SIM card
Blocking of a SIM card by a user or by the operator. The user can block their card if they enter an incorrect PIN code three consecutive times. The card can only be unblocked by a PUK code. If the user enters the wrong PUK, the SIM card will be blocked permanently. The operator will block a SIM card (i.e. block the access of a SIM card to their network) if the user violates contractual terms and conditions or if the user asks for the card to be blocked (e.g. if it is stolen).
- Bluetooth
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Bluetooth
Technology that can replace cables and wires used for the interconnection of devices, e.g. a mobile phone with handsfree, a PDA with a personal computer, and many other combinations. A mobile phone with Bluetooth support can communicate with a different device over a distance of up to 100 meters based on the Bluetooth technology being used.
- BPIN
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BPIN
Banking PIN (security code) distributed together with a SIM card, situated under the scratch-off area on the plastic card attached to the SIM.
- BTS (Base Transceiver Station)
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BTS (Base Transceiver Station)
A base radio station that ensures a connection with a mobile phone.
C
- CAMEL (Customised Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic)
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CAMEL (Customised Applications for Mobile networks Enhanced Logic)
Technology enabling direct communication of a roaming partner's network with the user's network in their home country when connecting a specific call from a prepaid card. A roaming partner network can confirm the user's credit in their home network and, based on this information, the call can then be connected.
- CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
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CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
Technology designed for digital transmissions. Encrypted information is broadcast for several receivers in a specific transmission zone at the same time. Individual receivers decipher the data flow based on their deciphering key. The result of the deciphering is data intended for a specific receiver and other ("alien") data is ignored.
- Cell
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Cell
A section of a location covered by a mobile phone network signal from a specific directional transmitter placed on a base station. One base station can contain several directional transmitters for several cells. One cell can cover a location with a diameter of 35 kilometers in open space, but in cities one cell often only covers one street.
- Cellular network
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Cellular network
A mobile network. The area covered by a signal is divided into smaller locations, or cells, that are covered by individual transmitters. A mobile phone network consists of several thousand cells.
- certified tamper-resistant HW (FIPS 140-2 level 3)
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certified tamper-resistant HW (FIPS 140-2 level 3)
An internationally recognized standard in the field of hardware security. An accredited cryptographic module in compliance with federal specifications used by the government of the United States, filed under recorded brand 140, the second amendment to this specification in the sense of the incorporation of ISO/EIC 19790 standardization from 2006. “Level 3” is the level of physical security (resistance). A scale of 1 to 4 is used, where 4 is the most secure.
- CLIP (Calling Line Identification Presentation)
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CLIP (Calling Line Identification Presentation)
Identification of the number of an incoming call (caller identification).
- CONEX
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CONEX
A direct connection of the O2 mobile phone network headquarters with a company branch exchange. An integrated communication system is thus created from mobile phones and a company phone system, it enables cost-cutting when calling among company network exchanges and company mobile phones.
- Conference call
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Conference call
A mobile network service enabling a call between several participants at once.
D
- DCS 1800 MHz
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DCS 1800 MHz
Label for a GSM mobile phone network system standard. The basic difference is that the network uses the 1800 MHz frequency for transmissions. This frequency has higher coverage quality instead of the regularly used 900 MHz frequency. Both GSM standard frequencies are used in the Czech Republic, 900 MHz as well as 1800 MHz. These networks are labelled as dual.
- DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication)
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DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication)
Digital wireless technology used for cordless phones connecting the receiver with the base. It therefore provides freedom of movement within radio signal reach (normally 300 m in open spaces and 50 m in buildings). Another option is to create a wireless branch exchange via several headphones connected to one base.
E
- EDGE
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EDGE
Technology for fast mobile data transmission. When using EDGE with a packet transmission (GPRS), a transmission speed of up to 384 kb/s can be reached. Phone or modem support is needed in order to use this technology.
- EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)
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EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)
Improved sound coding in a GSM network. The quality of transmitted voice approaches CD sound quality. This quality can only be achieved at places with an excellent signal.
F
- Forwarding of calls
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Forwarding of calls
A function that enables the user to forward incoming calls to an arbitrary phone line or voice mail.
- FUP (Fair User Policy)
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FUP (Fair User Policy)
A service which protects regular Internet users from excessive burdening of the network by other users. The FUP principle gradually decreases transmission speed of those users who burden the network in an excessive way, especially by the long-term downloading of a large volume of data.
G
- Gateway
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Gateway
A device that represents an interface between two different networks (e.g. mobile network - Internet, fixed phone line - mobile network, etc.).
- GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
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GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
Mobile data transmission technology. Data that is to be transferred is divided into parts, or packets. A target address is assigned to these packets. Based on network capacity at the time of transfer, packets are transferred to an end device, where they are reassembled into the original data sequence. The end device (mobile phone, modem) is connected permanently but the network transmission capacity is only used if it sends or receives data in packets. Fees for data transmission are thus based on the amount of data transferred rather than connection time.
- GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)
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GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)
An abbreviation derived from the name of a mobile communication standard. GSM networks are labelled as second-generation networks. They provide users with SMS, roaming, caller ID, call forwarding, fax and data transfer, and many other services.
H
- Handsfree
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Handsfree
A device that enables calling from a mobile phone without requiring the user to hold the phone in their hand.
- HSCSD (High Speed Circuit Switched Data)
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HSCSD (High Speed Circuit Switched Data)
Technology used for data transmission in GSM mobile phones based on the principle of circuit switches. Thanks to the use of several timeslots at the same time, it represents very fast technology for mobile data transmission. Available terminals use up to four timeslots for transmission and they reach transmission speeds of up to 43.2 kb/s.
- HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)
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HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)
Technology in 3rd generation mobile networks (UMTS) that accelerates data flow towards the user – download – to up to 14.4 Mb/s. It is the most advanced mobile technology being used in the Czech Republic.
- HSUPA (High-Speed Uplink Packet Access)
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HSUPA (High-Speed Uplink Packet Access)
Technology in 3rd generation mobile networks (UMTS) that accelerates data flow from the user – upload – to up to 5.76 Mb/s. It is the most advanced mobile technology being used in the Czech Republic.
I
- IMEI
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IMEI
A fifteen-digit number representing a unique code that contains information about the type and production number of a given phone. IMEI can usually be found on the back of the phone in the battery area or you can see it directly on your phone's display if you enter the code *#06#.
- Infraport (IrDA)
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Infraport (IrDA)
A communication interface of mobile phones and computers that can communicate with a different device within its reach (i.e. within its direct visibility) via infrared rays.
J
- Java
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Java
Programming language. Applications (programs, games,etc.) created in this language can be run on a mobile device (if the device supports this option).
L
- Li-Ion
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Li-Ion
A lithium-ion battery, which is used for charging of wireless communication devices. Li-Ion batteries are lighter than older types of battery, they have a relatively long lifespan and they do not need to be discharged completely, they can be charged at any time.
M
- Modem / Router
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Modem / Router
A device required to connect a computer (computer networks) to the Internet via ADSL technology, i.e. via a phone line. Older types of devices needn't meet ADSL 2+ requirements and they do not support acceleration.
N
- Network Monitoring Center
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Network Monitoring Center
A non-stop operations center where a team of specialists monitors the functions of individual data networks throughout the Czech Republic. Potential technical problems are solved by specialists directly from the Monitoring Center, or they send technicians to the site at which the problem is occuring. The O2 Networks Monitoring Center is one of the most modern of its kind in Europe.
- NiCd
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NiCd
A nickel-cadmium battery is a long-lasting chargeable battery, which usually lasts 700 cycles (charging and discharging). If the battery is not fully discharged before it is recharged, a so-called memory effect can occur, thereby decreasing its lifespan.
- NiMH
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NiMH
A nickel-metal-hydride battery is an accumulating battery, which holds more energy than NiCd battery and does not suffer from memory effect so much (there isn't a need to completely discharge the battery to make sure that its lifespan isn't decreased). It is usually more expensive than a NiCd battery.
O
- OLED (Organic Light-emitting Diode) Display
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OLED (Organic Light-emitting Diode) Display
A new generation display featuring excellent technical parameters - it can display more than 16 million colors, has a wide viewing angle, and provides an incredibly clear and sharp image thanks to high brightness and contrast levels. It also has low energy consumption and it works with a small operating voltage.
P
- PBX (Private Branch Exchange)
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PBX (Private Branch Exchange)
Branch exchange. It is an inter-company telecommunications solution for a maximum of 100,000 participating units. It differs based on technology and the number of connections.
- PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
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PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
A pocket computer combining the functions of a mobile phone and a computer.
- PIN (Personal Identification Number)
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PIN (Personal Identification Number)
Digital security code. It is used, for example, to protect a SIM card from misuse. In the case of a SIM card, you receive it when you buy a SIM card. If it is entered incorrectly three consecutive times, the card is blocked and you need to use a PUK code to unblock the card.
- Prepaid services
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Prepaid services
A popular way of using telecommunication services, for which the customer does not sign a written contract with the operator. They prepay their mobile services by purchasing a voucher of a certain value. They then spend the credit they receive when they buy the voucher on various mobile services (calling, sending SMS and MMS messages, etc.). When there is no credit left on the card, it needs to be charged again.
- Protocol PPPoA / PPPoE
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Protocol PPPoA / PPPoE
PPPoA / PPPoE is a type of protocol that provides data transmission over the Internet. PPPoA, the older type of protocol, does not support new trends and technologies and it does not enable an Internet speed increase. The PPPoE protocol is the current standard being used in the majority of European countries and enables users to reach higher Internet speeds and receive digital TV transmissions.
- PUK
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PUK
An eight-digit security code that is used to unblock a SIM card if an incorrect PIN code has been entered three times in a row. If the PUK code is entered incorrectly ten consecutive times, the SIM card will be blocked permanently and you will need to got to a brand shop to unblock the card.
R
- Roaming
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Roaming
A GSM mobile network function that enables the use of a mobile phone in the GSM networks of foreign operators. Users are charged for roaming services in accordance with operator's roaming contracts.
S
- Sales office
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Sales office
A team of certified salesmen who are prepared to arrange a personal meeting on the premises of your own office or directly in your company.
- SAR (Specific Absorbtion Rate)
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SAR (Specific Absorbtion Rate)
The level of energy absorbed by the body of a person who is exposed to a radio frequency field. It is specified in W/kg units, which is the level of absorbed energy calculated per one kilogram of body weight. In Europe, a phone needs to meet a limit of, at most, 2.0 W/kg (as far as head and body are concerned).
- Set-top-box
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Set-top-box
A device that receives digital broadcasts and transfers them to a signal, which is then transferred to an analogue TV set.
- Shop
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Shop
A sales point with a complete offer of phones and accessories; a trained salesman will help you choose, activate, and change services.
- SIM card
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SIM card
A chip card containing identification information - operator network, phone number, activated services, billing, credit, etc. In order for mobile phones to log in to a network, they require the insertion of a SIM card. The SIM card is protected against misuse by a PIN security code. SIM cards have their own (very small) memory, which can be used to save phone numbers or received SMS messages.
- SMS center
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SMS center
An exchange that processes short text messages in a mobile network. If the receiver's mobile phone is unavailable at the moment the message is sent, the message is saved for certain time in the SMS center of the network.
- Splitter
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Splitter
A device that separates data and voice transmissions when using one fixed phone line.
- Symbian
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Symbian
Open operating system designed for mobile devices, enabling smartphone users to run a wide variety of applications.
T
- TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
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TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
Technology used for the transmission of multiple calls in GSM networks. One transmission frequency is shared for the transmission of multiple calls based on time differences. Every mobile phone that shares a given frequency has a set short period of time during which it sends or receives on a given frequency. Individual phones take turns very quickly. A chain of short timelines creates a transmission channel, or timeslot, where communication between the phone and a mobile network base station takes place.
- TFT (Thin Film Transistor) Display
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TFT (Thin Film Transistor) Display
A Thin Film Transistor display consists of small transistors, each one controling one pixel. This construction provides very high quality images - it limits shadows when the display moves and it provides contrast of up to 100:1, which means that it is capable of handling fast-moving animation as well. Another advantage is its lower energy consumption and it is thinner than older panels.
- Timeslot
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Timeslot
A transmission channel in a mobile network between a mobile phone and the base station. This channel is created by a chain of time slots sending / receiving on the given frequency in rapid succession. Eight timeslots can be created on one frequency in a GSM network. Technologies for mobile data transmissions (HSCSD and GPRS) make it possible to use several such timeslots for data transmissions at once.
U
- UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephony Standard)
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UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephony Standard)
Technology for a new generation of mobile phone networks, enabling data transfer speeds of up to 2 MB/s. It also enables the usage of new mobile services, from information and reservation systems to videotelephony.
- USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data)
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USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data)
This technology enables operators to provide specific services, e.g. checking the amount of credit remaining on one's phone while abroad, setting up call forwarding, etc. It uses special codes that activate a specific network service.
V
- VOIP / Internet calling (Voice Over IP)
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VOIP / Internet calling (Voice Over IP)
Calls made with part of the connection being carried out via the Internet. Voice is transformed into a sequence of data and the data is transferred over high-speed data connections that are used for the Internet. Unlike making a call using a regular connection, which uses up the entire connection for one call, when making an Internet call the transmission capacity can also be used for the transfer of regular data or other calls.
- VPN (Virtual Private Network)
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VPN (Virtual Private Network)
A virtual private network that enables remote devices to communicate as if they were on one local network. This service interconnects company mobile phones in a private network that is connected with a branch exchange. A short version of lines can be used among individual mobile phones and it is possible to set user rights for calling in the same way as with branches of a company branch exchange. The customer is charged for calls among individual phones of their company VPN under very advantageous conditions.
W
- WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)
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WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)
A data format for browsing specially modified websites on mobile phone displays.
- WiFi
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WiFi
Wireless networks technology that enables users to get connected to the Internet when they are within reach of a required transmitter / access point. The network works in a license-free zone according to the 802.11 standard. O2 offers such Internet connections via HotSpots, or access points. When in the vicinity of a hotspot, it is possible to connect to the network via a computer or a mobile phone that supports this technology).
